Ukufunyanwa kweevithamini kwakuyenye yezinto ezinkulu ezafunyanwa kwinkulungwane ye-19. Ngo-1897, u-Ekman wafumanisa eJava ukuba ukutya kuphela irayisi emhlophe esulungekileyo kunokubangela i-beriberi, ngelixa irayisi emdaka engagutywanga inokunyanga isifo. Uphinde wafumanisa ukuba into enokunyanga i-beriberi inokutsalwa ngamanzi okanye ngotywala, kwaye ngelo xesha, le nto yayibizwa ngokuba "ngamanzi{4}}enyibilikayo B." Ngo-1906, kwaqinisekiswa ukuba ukutya kuqulethe "i-cofactors" ukongeza kwiiprotheni, iilipids, iicarbohydrates, iityuwa ezingaphiliyo kunye namanzi. Ezi zinto zikhona ngokwemilinganiselo emincinci kodwa zibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezilwanyana. Ngowe-1911, uCasimir Funke wafumanisa iiamines njengezinto ezikwirayisi emdaka ekwaziyo ukulwa neberiberi. Iipropati zabo zifana nezo zifumaneka ekutyeni, kwaye ininzi yazo i-coenzymes. Ngo-1906, kwaqinisekiswa ukuba ukutya kuqulethe "i-cofactors" ngaphandle kweeprotheni, i-lipids, i-carbohydrates, i-salts, kunye namanzi. Ezi zikhoyo ngokwemilinganiselo emincinci kodwa zibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezilwanyana. Ngowe-1911, uCasimir Funke wachaza iiamine njengezinto ezikwirayisi emdaka elwa neberiberi; iipropati zabo kunye nokusabalalisa ekutyeni ziyafana, kwaye ininzi i-coenzymes.
IiVithamini zizinto eziyimfuneko ekugcineni imetabolism eqhelekileyo kunye nokugcina imisebenzi esisiseko yomzimba. Iivithamini zohlulwe kumafutha -anyibilikayo namanzi{2}}ivithamini ezinyibilikayo. Amafutha -ivithamin ezinyibilikayo ziquka iivithamini A, D, E, kunye no-K, ngelixa amanzi{5}}ivithamini ezinyibilikayo ziquka ikakhulu iivithamin B kunye nevithamin C. Iivithamini ezahlukeneyo zinemithombo yokutya eyahlukileyo.
Amafutha-ivithamini ezinyibilikayo:
1. IVithamin A: Ininzi kwioli yesibindi secod, amalungu ezilwanyana, kunye nebhotolo. Kwimifuno neziqhamo, kukho intabalala yeetumato, iminqathe, ibhatata, iibhanana, iiorenji neepesika. Ukunqongophala kweVithamin A kunokukhokelela kubumfama ebusuku.
2. Ivithamin D: Ininzi kwizithungu zeqanda, iimveliso zobisi, kunye negwele. I-Vitamin D ilawula ukulinganisela kwe-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus, ikhuthaza ukufunxa kwe-calcium, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokukhusela i-rickets kunye ne-osteoporosis.
3. Ivithamin E: Ininzi emaqandeni, ioyile yemifuno, kunye nokunye ukutya, iyisithinteli-antioxidant eyomeleleyo kwaye inokunceda ekunyangeni izifo zentliziyo nemithambo-luvo.
4. Ivithamin K: Ininzi kwisipinatshi, ikhaphetshu, kunye nokunye ukutya, ivithamin K inceda ikakhulu kunyango lwezifo zokujiya kwegazi.
Amanzi-iiVithamini ezinyibilikayo:
1. IiVithamini B: Inyama ebhityileyo kunye neembotyi zesoya zityebile kwivithamin B1. I-Vitamin B2, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-riboflavin, ininzi kwi-yolks yeqanda, isibindi, izintso, oononkala bomlambo, i-yeast, i-seaweed kunye ne-broccoli. I-Vitamin B3 ifumaneka kwigwele, iinkozo, isibindi, kunye nebran yerayisi. I-Vitamin B4 ifumaneka kwizixa eziphezulu kumaqanda, ubuchopho bezilwanyana, ibhiya, i-malt, kunye ne-soy lecithin. I-Vitamin B5 ininzi kwigwele, iinkozo, isibindi, kunye nemifuno. I-Vitamin B6 ininzi kwigwele, iinkozo, isibindi, amaqanda, kunye neemveliso zobisi. I-Vitamin B9 ininzi kwimifuno eluhlaza eluhlaza kunye nesibindi. I-Vitamin B12 ininzi kwisibindi, intlanzi, amaqanda, kunye namaqanda edada. Iivithamini ze-B zidlala indima ekugcineni i-nervous and digestive systems.
2. Ivithamin C: Ininzi kwiziqhamo nemifuno emitsha, njengeorenji, ikiwis, iitumato, intsimbi yepepile, ivatala ekrakra, ikholifulawa nekale. IVithamin C inokuphucula imithambo yegazi kwaye ikwathatha inxaxheba kwi-detoxification.